Showing posts with label Luo. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Luo. Show all posts

Open Letter to Uhuru Kenyatta


(Written on the 11th, the day before his inauguration on 12 March 2013)

Dear Mr. President,

As an outsider, but a keen observer of your politics, I congratulate you on your win. I believe that you, along with the Hon. William Ruto, do indeed have what it takes to lead Kenya into much more prosperous and productive times. You are both young and educated, smart and articulate. You represent a new generation of Kenyan leadership.

That said, there are a few issue I would like to raise with you.

That you and William Ruto are facing charges at the International Criminal Court (ICC) is simply unfortunate. I don’t believe the charges are justified given that you were both lieutenants in a war commanded by generals. It was only international diplomacy, ‘protocol’ if you like, and undue influence in the halls of Kenyan justice, that kept the generals off the list of those who have gone to The Hague. Let the generals face the court too. And, when the time comes, if the ICC can’t take the generals to jail, they certainly can’t take you two, the lieutenants. So I wouldn’t worry too much.

And by way of an aside, I hope it was a lesson to Kenyans that the unfettered quest for power on the part of their political elite can easily make for civil war. Power corrupts and absolute power corrupts absolutely. It mustn’t happen again. So, I’d implore you to leave your recently ‘reformed judiciary’ to do its work without fear, and unfettered by political influence. And if it so happens that the courts rule against you, Mr. President, as is likely to happen at some point, you’ll need to accept that and not go sneaking around so you can get your way.  

And while we’re talking of generals and lieutenants, courts and power, that you haven’t yet decried the actions of the outlawed Mungiki ‘sect’ worries me a bit. The recent threat made on the life of Chief Justice Willy Mutunga was particularly scary and showed, again, the extent to which Mungiki acts behind the scenes in promoting Kikuyu interests. In this case, it was your interests, particularly, that they served. It really doesn’t look good. And neither does what Bensouda calls “tireless attempts at contacting witnesses”.

Mungiki is perceived as a private Kikuyu army and you really need to distance yourself from this renegade gang of extortionists and thugs. You need to act firmly and decisively against them even if they are a Kikuyu ‘institution’ in Kenya. Again, let the justice system do its work.

Mr. President, this brings me to the point of your society being a deeply polarised one. There’s a split down the middle and it’s not about the diversity of Kenya and its 42 tribes or even about the Kikuyu people competing for power with the Luo. It’s really about the Kikuyu people versus the rest.
In the run-up to 4-3-13, I consistently heard “it’s 41 against 1”. Your victory has been universally seen in the country as a victory for the Kikuyu people but not a promising prospect for the people of Kenya as a whole. You can change this perception by your actions alone.

That the Kenyatta family has massive tracts of land in the country is universally known in Kenya. Much of this land was supposedly acquired by your dad, via means that would be termed ‘unconstitutional’ today. Given this, I’d suggest you submit the family’s acquisition of land (and, obviously, that of others too) to scrutiny by a credible land commission. This, so that adequate land restitution can be effected. But, even though the land might not really belong to your family, people say that you could never submit to a land commission. This, because a Kikuyu will never relinquish wealth. Is this true?

Of course, the few hundred thousand people who lost their land in the 2007/2008 post election violence –the so-called Internally Displaced People (IDP’s)- need to get land to live as well. It’s been over five years now and it’s time the IDP’s got somewhere to stay that isn’t a plastic tent.Few will argue with me when I say that these ‘historical injustices’ on the ‘land issue’ have to be addressed before your society can move on. It’s probably the biggest issue here in Kenya.

And, yes, offer your opposite number, Raila Odinga, a meaningful place in government; an ‘olive branch’, as it were. If you do, I personally think he should graciously decline because he’s too old. His voice is faltering and he’s been looking very tired for a while. Perhaps it’s time for him and all of his generation to retire from Kenyan politics.

Whatever his failings, the young Mike ‘Sonko’ is an inspiration to Kenya’s youth, jaunty hat, studs in his ears, and all. I live close to where he started and have seen some of what he’s done to help the people of his prior constituency. Let there be more like him, Senators and Governors, and less of the old guard that has only taken Kenya to ruin.   

And on the issue of Kenya’s ‘internal security’, I would be careful about acting too harshly against the Mombasa Republican Council and making them the primary target in the quest. Muslim culture and Christianity have co-existed peacefully in Kenya for a long time. In fact, I think that Kenya has been a wonderful example of religious tolerance so far. Don’t spoil that now and start a religious war in Kenya. There have been enough grenades thrown in churches and public places already. Instead, bring the MRC into the mainstream political arena. The Muslims at the coast also have some legitimate gripes, and they need to be heard without going to the lengths of seeking radical partition.

Lastly, and most importantly, while I don’t think that it’s essential that you prosecute the ‘big fish’ of ‘grand corruption’ in the past, you do need to make drastic changes to the culture of thievery and impunity that has so depressed your people. Again, let the justice system work freely, and unfettered by political influence. And reform your police force quickly. Equip it with vehicles, and a little petrol, at least.

That’s all I wanted to say, really. Thank you Mr. President. I wish you a term in which Kenya shall flourish. It’s within your power to make this happen. And Kenya is primed for it ...

May God bless Kenya.

Faithfully yours,

Brian Rath


ps please get a typist who doesn’t make multi-billion Shilling errors.

Dignitaries and fashion 'dignity'?

There’s quite a lot I could write about the recent departure of Kofi Annan and Graca Machel from the shores of Kenya. I could write about misguided faith in the judiciary. I could write about their level-headedness while the nation is screaming. I could write about the truth behind petty politicking for powerful positions. I could write about the fact that the nation is NOT divided at all; the divisions are created by the politicians for their own miserable ends. And so on, and so on.

But I am not going to write about any of this. It is too frustrating and almost brings tears to my eyes. A nation flounders while the rich drown in the fruits that belong to the people.

Instead, I am going to write (very briefly) about something that has just come to my attention ... through something said on Capital FM. It is vitally important to the future of this country:

The woman of Kenya need to get some dress-sense beyond the straight-laced grey, brown and black suits that they wear every day to work. Why is it that a nation of such beautiful women land up wearing such dreadfully dreary clothes to work? The point was noted on the radio and suddenly I was hit, like the proverbial bolt from the sky.

“That’s it”, I thought. “That’s why, despite all these beautiful women, everything looks so dull on the streets”.

As I have noted before, it happens at least once a day that I am struck by some woman’s beauty on the street. And Kenyan women know they have pride of place in the African beauty stakes, for sure. But why do they all dress so conservatively? I know it’s a church-going nation, for sure. But, hey, Jesus never said you can’t wear a bit of colour in your cloth …!

Sheesh. It has taken me an absolute age to realize the absolute dreariness of the fashions here. I am amazed I didn’t see it before. I must have been blinded by the ‘order of things’ in Kenya, and perhaps by the facial beauty of so many that live in this incredible country.

I mean, God populated Kenya with 42 tribes in a very particular way. Here are a few of his preferred choices:

He put the Kikuyu here to run things, and to make sure business boomed (despite the greed of the leadership).

He put the Luhya (and gave them a surly disposition) to work mainly in the police force. Never smiling, always seemingly miserable, they keep order on the roads particularly.

Then He put the Maasai to look after the cattle and goats (and also to prevent unwanted visitors at your home). And He thought the little colour they give the place would help (in the face of dreary fashion sense).

He put the Kamba here to look after the inside of your house and the garden. He also put some of them here to spread a little ju-ju when things get a bit too materialistic!

He put the Kisii here just to upset things every now and then with a temper tantrum. To help them he put the Meru – just in case anyone gets too big for their boots (the Meru arrogance usually sorts it).

He put the original Swahilis here just to smile on, benignly and knowingly (and to chew a lot of the miraa).

Then, finally, he dragged the Luo from the Nile basin and put the men here to buy the shiny suits and drive the Hummers (even when there’s no food at home). He even put one of them here so he could become president of the United States.

Then, in one of His last decisions, He put the Luo women here to keep the place looking goooooooood when all else fails.

He in His infinite wisdom.

If South Africa is the Rainbow Nation then Kenya is the Kaleidoscope.

What a beautiful country. Wild, for sure.

Beautiful people (lakini, kwanini hakuna fashion sense?).

But a fantastic place it is. I love it ...!

With that, amani na mapenzi to all.

B-)

Cross Sections and Glimpses of Kenyan life

Preface

Although not all of this blog deals with issues allied to what I say in this 'preface', I feel I have to write a little background introduction this edition. This is because the preface somehow 'qualifies' this blog, and many of the previous ones. It is something of a disclaimer for some of the earlier stuff I said ... But is also very much the canvas upon which life in Kenya is painted. It is the stuff of the struggle for daily existence that marks life in Kenya – and in Nairobi particularly – and the stuff of exactly what needs to change here: It concerns the huge disparity that exists between the Kenya ‘that is’ versus the Kenya that ‘could be’.

Through the unfettered and insatiable greed of the ‘political class’ in Kenya, the people of Kenya have been robbed of their birthrights; they lack access to healthy environments – to land and clean water - but particularly lack access to the opportunities for employment that would make Kenya somewhat different from what we see today. If the Billions and Billions of Shillings that have been stolen from the Kenyan people had gone where they should have, believe me, Kenya would be an African success story of note. The treasure trove has been raped and pillaged; blithely stolen from the people over three ‘eras’ of Kenyan governance. The people of this land have been systematically impoverished to the bone by their own leadership!

The fact of the above having happened tints – and taints – every aspect of life in Kenya; from the lack of maize meal to feed the nation, to the lack of running water, to the lack of employment opportunities, to the prostitution that is an ever-present feature of the Nairobi landscape.

The political economy has got to such a point that there is this sullen, pathetic mood that engulfs all discussions about politics. Every single (regular) person I speak to says the same thing: that this government has to GO and GO SOON. Kenyans might not want their current government but a proud and patriotic people they certainly are. Flags, stickers and shirts bearing Kenya's colours and/or flag are seen everywhere. As Brenda put it beautifully a while ago:

“I am very proud to be Kenyan but I’m not so proud of Kenya”

The Kenyan people have really had enough but essentially have no avenues of legitimate dissent with which to secure the future they want. But the good news is that since I arrived in this beautiful country there has developed a significant body of people calling for change. From everywhere they are coming. And coming fast. There’s a lot of change-talk on the go and it bodes well for the future of this nation.

There’s a new constitution in the making and the very good news is that the level of input from ordinary Kenyans was such that the rather short deadline for submissions had to be extended by some weeks. And to me at least, the political leadership is not looking quite as smug and self-satisfied as it was when I arrived. In fact, methinks, it’s looking a little unsettled.

The scene I described on Jamhuri (independence) Day – December 12 – last year would not happen now because, quite simply, there would be just so many people making a noise in the stadium that there would not enough security to (man)handle them all. Recently, President Kibaki and Prime Minister Odinga were both pelted with stones as they attempted to address a rally. They cancelled their further appearances for the day. This goes to show - demonstratively, if I may use the term - the mood that is starting to (visibly) prevail in Kenya.

Change … she is coming to Kenya. I see it everywhere. Despite increasingly weak attempts by Government at curtailing the tide, the tide is clearly rising on the dry, dark and dusty horizon that is the Kenya of old. There’s a new Uhuru (freedom) in the air. And I relish the thought of what might soon be happening here.

Kwa Malaya na Malaika (Of Prostitutes and Angels)

I have perhaps intimated such, but I haven’t actually said it so far: Prostitution is RIFE in Nairobi.

The scenario: You go out for a drink, get approached by a lovely young girl and perhaps asked to buy her a drink. You find out after a bit of chat that she’s (euphemistically) “looking for money in town”. You might also find out (if you’re bothered enough to ask) that she’s a Masters graduate from the University of Nairobi, has been unsuccessfully looking for a job since she graduated, and is a single mum with one child at home. Lacking any social support and facilities for feeding her child, she has come to rely on “fresh ones” (new arrivals to Nairobi) at Simmers, or any number of similar bars, to sleep with and make perhaps two thousand Shillings (R240) for the night (if she’s lucky).

You find these girls plying their somewhat dubious trade at every one of the multitudinous nightspots in this city. In fact, it’s pretty hard NOT to meet a working girl in greater Nairobi at night. But, because of the social situation that has created this trade, I cannot really malign these girls as 'malaya' (prostitutes). I will say there’s only one class of girl in Nairobi that I could call truly ‘malaya’: these are girls who are out-and-out prostitutes – perhaps ‘born’ to this ancient ‘profession’. They ply their trade on Koinange Street, ever watchful of the City Council truck that circles the area looking for violators of the city by-laws (but which is really looking for girls who are carrying enough cash to pay a bribe of five or six hundred Shillings – a bribe that will allow them to be released around the corner). With these girls, do what you will, but as Erica put it the other night:

“You can take the chick out of K Street, but you can’t take K Street out the chick”

These are the real ‘prostitutes’ in Nairobi – the malaya – but for the rest, many are (perhaps ‘fallen’) angels – malaika - instead. These girls are usually quite good-looking and certainly well-dressed enough to get into any of the pubs or clubs. But as Brenda put it, most of them are trying a little too hard to “look expensive”, with fake jewelry, fake gold chains, and more. Those from the slums will often overdo it A LOT with the bling (but more so with the short skirt).

Many of the fallen angels are simply looking for husbands. Yes, they will sleep with a guy for a few thousand Shillings. They might even sleep with a guy for free if he looks like a good future prospect. These girls are looking for a breadwinner to support their fragile existences and tenuous realities. They are looking for someone just to look after them financially. It happens quite a lot they these girls do, indeed, find husbands. But a friend of mine recently noted that seldom do these marriages ‘work’ beyond a month or two! The expectations of husband and wife seem to differ markedly after the wedding day!

You find many of these girls in the trendier and expensive clubs ‘uptown’. And a great many of them have found 'luck' to a certain, limited extent. They might, for example, be able to tell you about Massio from Napoli, or Frank from Bonn, who is their 'husband' but who, for some inexplicable reason, is no longer on the scene. If pressured into an explanation they will tell you “he went back to his wife" (!). There are a lot of European businessmen who “marry” Nairobi chicks and keep them as mistresses (and sometimes take them on their African travels).

But if there is a range of ‘prostitution’ to be found in Nairobi, blame not the girls … Blame this utterly corrupt government for stealing everything that should have gone to the people and enriching themselves beyond compare while leaving the people battling for their daily bread in the way that’s best suited to each!

Corruption in Every Corner

Last night on NTV - the more liberal of the TV stations - there were no less than four new items concerning the wholesale corruption that is the national government’s obsession.

There was an item saying that at least 87% of the transactions completed by the Kenyan national water company in Nairobi are fraudulent (figures by Transparency International from a 'customer survey')! The total value of the embezzlement is staggering, in the region of a few Billion Shillings. Most of the ”water corruption” concerns water supplies that are diverted away from where they are supposed to go and given rather to someone who can afford to pay the bribe (and who prefers not to pay for the water).

Then the next item is on an outbreak of cholera in Nairobi that has, in one week, claimed 81 lives. Sadly, no connection is made between the fact of water company corruption and this water-borne disease. The fact that the corruption means there is no running water, most of the time, in most of Nairobi’s slums does not get connected in the news with the fact of the cholera outbreak. And the fact of there being black pools of dirty stagnant water lying everywhere in the slums does not get connected with the fact of malaria-bearing mosquitoes raising hell (and seriously raising body temperatures) in those same slums.

Then there’s the head of the electricity company saying that he simply can’t be called corrupt “yesterday, today and every day”. I ask, why not, if you are? And so far, Billions of Shillings have gone missing from the coffers of the electricity utility in Kenya.

Then there is a fourth item, concerning the National Youth Fund and the fact that 1.5 Billion Shillings (that's like over 15 Million Dollars) is unaccounted for and there’s no paper trail to the private accounts into which the money was channeled. No wonder the youth are so lost. The total endowment to the youth fund was 2.5 Billion Shillings – so they have lost more than half of what is due for youth development projects. Of course, the money has been stolen by exactly those people entrusted with developing the youth – so what hope can one hold? Hence the comments I made a while ago about the alienation and estrangement of the youth in Kenya. More than tragic.

Then there’s a brief follow-up on a ‘typing error’ that Uhuru Kenyatta (the new Minister of Finance and son of the late Jomo) claims to be the reason for the 10 Billion Shilling discrepancy between ‘what is’ and what ‘should be’ with the Supplementary Budget. Never mind that the ‘typing error’ was seen by no less than five sets of eyes before getting to Parliament. The 'follow-up' comprises a statement from a Parliamentary Select Committee’ (very ‘select’, actually) which states, quite blandly, that it has examined the matter in detail (in one day, mind you) and is confident that no corruption has taken place. End of story.

Revelations like this (and the lack of investigation that follows) are so commonplace that the people of Kenya simply talk through the 'politics' on TV. They are left utterly sickened by what they see, unable to do anything, and frustrated to the hilt as a result. They would rather – seem almost determined to – blah blah blah through the politics than actually hear what is going on....

And, by way of an aside, it strikes me that Uhuru Kenyatta looks strikingly similar to Jeff Koinange (son of the Koinange after whom K Street is named). Jeff is a news presenter on the K24 television station. Jeff’s mom used to be Jomo Kenyatta’s personal assistant ... There's a theory that a close association between two people can make them start looking the same. But this doesn't usually apply to their kids too. Strange, but it seems to have happened this time.

Maisha Ghetto (Ghetto Life)

I have had recent occasion to travel into the heartland of one of Nairobi’s slums. Dandora is something of a Luo stronghold and houses perhaps a few hundred thousand people, in one- and two-roomed apartments, and in single room units that might hold two or three family members at a time. The housing is made of brick but such is the water and light situation in Nairobi that it might be two days before there is any water running in the place – while the electricity (stima) is often off for 3 to 6 hours at a time, on a regular basis.

Dandora is about 20kms south of Nairobi, out near Kenyatta International Airport. The trip from Dandora to town (‘tao’ as it is called) takes roughly 50 minutes when the jum is over and can take upwards of two hours when Thika Road is in a state of jum (which is every single rush hour to a greater or lesser extent. It is one of the worst routes in Nairobi).

Despite the slight sense of dusty desolation, Dandora does have a certain slum ‘charm’ about it. From the matatu terminus, walking to my friend Angela’s place, you pass a few hundred small, rickety wooden stalls, selling all types of vegetables, clothing, kitchen utensils, and the like – quite simply anything that the local economy (independent and self-supporting as it is) needs and uses. You can buy avocado pears for (ZAR) 50c, mandazi (fried breads shaped like samoosas) for about R1 and freshly cooked chapattis for the same. The streetside cooking starts at around 5am when the sky is still dark and the first commuters are making their way to the terminus (and others are coming back from the clubs).

Just like the time I spent in Khayalitsha, Cape Town, some time ago, my presence in Dandora is always something of a novelty, but, as with Khayalitsha, I get nothing but welcome greetings by all and sundry (especially the kids) who seem to know but one English expression (and aren’t always sure of what response to expect). Everywhere around me I hear:

“Howareyou … howareyou … howareyou”

I reply:

“Niko nzuri sana, na habari yako?” (I am very good, and how are you?)

Nothing but stunned faces. Maybe one voice exclaims:

"Mzungu, kusema kiSwahili!" (you speak Swahili!)

I smile, as only an mzungu in a strange land can.

There’s really not much money in Dandora and all-and-sundry come to Angela's place - at all hours of the day - asking for 10 or 20 Bob (R1.20 or R2.40) to buy a small portion of maize meal, for example, (to make ugali) to feed a child or two.

Most of the time, the water (maji) in Dandora is a trickle if it is running at all. This water is used for washing clothes, and general ablutions, but is certainly not fit for human consumption. Drinking water is brought on ‘trailers’ and sold in 25litre drums for around 50 or 60 Bob (R6-R8), depending on the seller. Angela is lucky enough to have tailoring work at a Muindi (Hindu run) sweatshop and earns a meager Ksh4000 (about R500) a month. On this she manages to live and still provide for others!

These ‘trailers’ I mention are a constant sight in Nairobi. They are two-wheeled contraptions that look something like the Durban rickshaw but carry loads a helluva lot heavier than two skinny tourists! (16 drums of water @ 25 kilos each = 400 kilograms!). Some of the trailers made from welded steel but it’s far more common in the slums to see one that resembles a makeshift stretcher - or the initial makings of an Indian funeral pyre on its way to the Ganges; long sections of straight tree branches are strapped together by bits of inner-tube rubber, barely balanced on the two car wheels (incl. tyres) that were once on someone’s car. The trailers are quite a sight, vying for bits of road with matatus, trucks and buses (and are largely given way until they are securely on the road’s verge). They carry virtually anything but in the slums are used most often to carry fresh water around the place. If you have a large load of shopping, they will carry it home for you for 10 or 20 Bob (a Rand or two).

There has been recent talk of the possibility of banning them from the streets but I can’t see this happening as it will put thousands out of work. And anyway, they provide a service for a great many Nairobians. But they CAN be a bit of a hassle on the streets when one is attempting to pass.

Football on the Broke Side of Life

Watching Kenya's "Harambee Stars" playing football against Nigeria on TV the other night was like watching "The Giants" versus "The Midgets Who Work Out". The Kenyans simply towered above the Nigerians (but Nigeria still won by 2 goals to 0). Against Mozambique’s Mambas, it was a bit more like "The Giants" versus the "Regular Guys" and this time Kenya won by 2 goals to 1. The Kenyan football team comprises something like three-quarters Luo players and the three prominent forwards are all over 1.93m tall (that's like 6ft 7in!). The guys are seriously BIG and Mozambique cottoned on to a strategy to use against them - just a little too late: they did their best to run the Luo guys down and tire them out. It didn't work - perhaps because it was too late ... But when one of the forward Harambee Stars got the ball it was like watching a power play from the History Books of Football with Big Guys. The Luo forwards just powered their way to the goal line but failed miserably to finish well - kicking the ball meters over the cross bar.

Some work is clearly needed with the football team. Another Luo pro footballer – one I met recently in Umoja ‘township’ (another Luo stronghold) - told me it has to do with the pathetic pay that the Kenyan team is getting. He said that many of the better Kenyan players are playing elsewhere. He himself is playing in Angola and is earning three times what members of the national team are earning here. When I asked him if he had what it takes to make the Harambee team, he simply smiled and told me he was playing pro for them 6 years ago (name withheld).

If there are problems in Kenyan football, this is not so for Kenyan rugby. The Kenya "Super Seven" team is playing admirably well - knocking South Africa's Sevens team for a loop, the second time in a row the other night. And lo-and-behold there was footage on TV of a women's "Sevens" rugby team the other night, powering their way to victory over some team that clearly didn't know what had hit them.

I'm not so sure about the future of Kenya in the football arena but one thing is for sure - watch what Kenya does in rugby! I think there might be some surprises to come and I see quite a few Springbok rugby jerseys around town. And it’s not South Africans wearing them! Kenyans are starting to love rugby!

Buses from Everywhere

I sit in the smoking section at Simmers around 8pm and watch the buses streaming in. From everywhere they come around this time; from "Coast", from LuoLand (Lake Victoria region) and from every small village in the greater Kenya. They time their arrival so that they miss the Greater Jum. And so on this Thursday night it seems that everyone in Kenya is on the move somewhere. These are luxury buses on the whole. Perhaps not air-conditioned any longer but certainly carrying the equipment that would have had them air-conditioned in the past. Big Volvo and Mercedes wagons streaming down Kenyatta Avenue in a seemingly endless convoy of heavy duty transport. They are on their way ‘downtown’, below River Road; to the area they call "Coast Bus", or somewhere near that. They come down the road but I don’t see any going up. Tomorrow, some time, these same buses will be seen coming up Kenyatta Avenue. This has to be the place of the greatest cross-flux of people in East Africa. Downtown, on every night of the week you will see hundreds of buses and matatus, coming from every conceivable corner of this country (as well as from Uganda, Tanzania, Ethiopia and Somalia). And somehow the vehicles give Nairobi some weird charm. On Moi Avenue, around 6pm, the light is a pink-tinted hue that is gorgeous and the streets are absolutely packed with people weaving their way around the transport-infested roads. And on the sidewalks, you see concentrated pockets of illicit hawking and haggling, selling products of every conceivable description.

Some guy, looking like Father Xmas with a knapsack on his back, will suddenly appear from nowhere and will set up a cardboard stand (with cardboard sheets that also seem to come from nowhere) and might proceed to lay out, and sell, women's shoes for around Ksh200 a pair (R24). The merchandise sells like the proverbial hotcakes but within a few minutes an imperceptible call goes out, and as quick as he set up, he, and all the other hawkers around him, are gone, disappearing into the crowd as fast as they arrived ... followed only by two City Council employees in bright yellow jackets. What happens in downtown Nairobi between 6pm and 8pm is a sight to behold and is when this city seems to come alive and thrive.

Public Service Vehicles (PSV’s)

If Johannesburg streets seem jammed with taxis and other ‘public service vehicles’ (PSV’s), the streets of Nairobi take this to a whole nutha level. The matatu is the sole means of transport for literally millions of Nairobians and greater Kenyans and these largely diesel-powered vehicles ply their trade from around 5am to around 9.30pm every day of the week. Like the minibus taxis in Cape Town, the Nairobi matatu has a ‘conductor’ who is entrusted with taking the fares from all on board. They have a way of carrying notes between their fingers that works as an African abacus and it's amazing to watch a conductor keep track of who has paid what, what change they should get, and when (which if often a lot later than the passenger is expecting, mind you). Sometimes the conductor ‘extorts’ money from passengers – like when it’s raining, or very late at night - when the hapless victims on board are asked to pay sometimes astronomical fares … The logic behind the variable fare on a matatu is that, because of the rain, for example, traffic is much slower yet there is a need to generate the same daily income (from far fewer trips). Late at night, of course, the matatu is helping you stay out of trouble ... and for this benefit you have to pay! I suppose you can’t blame them, but the variable rate takes a little getting used to.

The matatu conductor is somewhat akin to the Soweto ‘train surfer’, taking voluntary risks that anyone else would be likely to shy away from in the extreme. Three smacks to the side of a matatu means the driver must stop; while two smacks means he can go. The two smacks are often dished out to the matatu’s body while the last passenger is still embarking; leaving the conductor with the relished responsibility of running alongside the vehicle as it quickly gathers speed and swinging himself on board with amazing dexterity. I have seen that it is something of a personal accomplishment for the conductors (unseen by anyone, really) to achieve this feat at high speed while still managing to escape any loss to bodily integrity. Often the matatu will be well down the road by time the sliding door is closed. And the opening and closing of the door is the job of the conductor! This turf should not be poached.

Legislation demands that the matatu carries 14 passengers and not the 16 that is common in Jozi. It was not so long ago that the matatus were required to fit safety belts and it is still common to find a matatu with discarded belts hanging from each and every seat in the vehicle. This piece of legislation is no longer enforced (along with a great many other by-laws in Nairobi) but time was when it was stringently adhered to and prosecuted when lacking.

Matatu’s are required to run one route and one route only and this is still enforced today. All matatus will bear a legend on the side indicating the route being driven. For example, a matatu that rides Dandora to Town might show, in fancy script on the side: ‘Tao’ (meaning ‘town’) and ‘Dando’ or simply ‘D’ (meaning Dandora). It is route 42 when gong to town and route 32 when going to Dandora.

Just like in Jozi, Nairobi matatus are stopped regularly by the police. And just as it is in the City of Gold, the police here do very little to actually inspect the vehicle … Rather, their attention is directed to the 100 Shilling note that forms the permanent ‘extra page’ in the matatu driver’s license booklet.

Matatu Deluxe

CNN showed a mini-documentary on the subject of Kenyan matatus the other night. And a worthy subject it surely is, because if there is anything that rates as a contemporary cultural ‘icon’ that identifies Nairobi – and Kenya as a whole – as different from any other area in East Africa, it is the matatu.

There are two basic styles of matatu. The first is what most people call a “Nissan” (even though most of them are now Toyotas) and it is the type we are used to in South Africa. (Even the “Meru Nissan Service” that I see picking passengers downtown, in Accra Street, seems to run only diesel Toyotas!) The “Nissan” of course it is that vehicle we used to call the Zola – the minibus taxi. Most of them in Kenya are diesel vehicles.

The Nissan aside, there are then the hundreds and thousands of large Isuzu trucks that have been converted into 40-seater buses by some or other local body works. These matatus are used for the more remote routes in Kenya – and in Nairobi too – and, unlike the "Nissans", are the most amazing vehicles to behold.

The CNN documentary briefly intimated (correctly) that there is great competition between the owner-drivers of most bus-matatus. Once purchased, the buses are immediately taken to any of the numerous paint shops around town. The shops employ young, specialized airbrush artists whose job it is to decorate the bus in the fashion of the owner’s wont. As the CNN documentary amply demonstrated, the matatu is an art-form in and of itself. There are many bearing slogans and portraits of famous people – Osama, Obama and Madiba being perhaps the most popular - with a host of lesser mortals in tow, like Ice Cube, Tupac and Rihanna. Many of the buses – particularly those that ride the long haul routes – feature strings of running ‘disco-lights’outside; down the window frames and across the bumpers (in garish reds, purples, blues and greens).

The best ‘decoration’ I have seen executed on a matatu of this type was one I saw recently. It featured brand new strings of the lights - everywhere it was possible to string such lights - but also featured two wide-screen TVs. The first was mounted up-front as is the norm. But the second was mounted in the back window of the matatu, facing OUTWARDS, so that anyone driving behind could enjoy the videos being shown inside! This is certainly a new take on combating driver fatigue while surely keeping the vehicle in tow safe on the road!

The competition between matatus is fierce. Rather than catch the first available ride, many younger people will wait a few minutes until the low-frequency, omni-directional sound of the ‘Boom-Boom’ is heard. The ‘Boom-Boom’ is that matatu that has an expensive sound system - with emphasis on the sub-woofer frequencies - and is often showing a string of the latest reggae-dancehall, soul or ‘R&B’ video mixes on the monitor up-front. The creators of these pirate video mixes have cottoned on to the fact that the matatu is their greatest means of promotion and they give the latest material to the matatus for free. The VCD’s that these VJ’s produce - entirely bila (without) paying any royalties - feature all the latest club tracks and an annoyingly frequent display of the contact details of the pirate that produced the mix. Any of the mixes can be bought downtown for around 60 to 100 Shillings (R8-R12) but most will feature constant video ‘glitches’ that make viewing a little difficult at times.

Pesa Pesa Everywhere (without a dot for most)

I wasn’t registered as an M-Pesa user until I had the need to send small amounts of money (and receive same back) to various parts of Nairobi. ‘Pesa’ is Swahili for money and M-Pesa is the electronic means of money transfer that is used throughout Kenya, compliments of mobile operator, Safaricom. It is absolutely brilliant and revolutionary, to the point where Michael Joseph - a South African who heads up Safaricom - recently addressed the World Economic Forum in Cape Town on the uses and conveniences of the system. And it is really fantastic. Its one really exceptional application has been to facilitate money transfer to people in impoverished communities in remote areas where there are no banks (and never will be any). By using the local M-Pesa agent, organizations like Oxford Policy Management, via charities within Britain, have been able to save the lives of literally hundreds (if not thousands) of orphans and vulnerable children (OVC’s) in the remotest, arid and drought-stricken regions of the country.

You load pesa into your M-Pesa account (or someone else sends money to you!) and you can then send it, convert it to airtime, pay an increasing number of utility bills and private accounts, or draw it yourself whenever and wherever you like - at crazy hours and throughout the length and breadth of Kenya. If the Kenya banking system is a little antiquated and slow it takes a little use of M-Pesa to wonder why you bother to use a bank at all. For most Kenyans, the need for a bank account – and the costs associated – are drastically reduced, and literally every ten meters in Nairobi, you will find an M-Pesa agent to give you the cash you require. Quite a few of the local casinos are running the M-Pesa service 24/7, for obvious reasons. So it’s 24/7 banking, immediate money transfer and receipt, for a nominal fee, anywhere in Kenya. Quite a feat to pull off, Mr. Joseph, quite a feat indeed.

After registering, I was using the service extensively within days. I didn’t have enough cash one night to pay for a taxi (and was distinctly bila pesa). There was no working ATM in sight so I simply M-Pesa’d the balance of what I owed to Alex, the driver. He can draw the small Ksh200 payment whenever he likes. The M-Pesa service costs 25 Shillings each time (R3) a time so it’s better not to draw less than 200Shillings, else it seems you’re paying more than you’re getting (almost).

There is a daily limit on M-Pesa transactions of Ksh30 000 (nearly R4 000) to minimize the use of the service for money laundering … but with the vast majority of Kenyans scrambling around for less than 200 Shillings a day, this is hardly an issue for most (and there are not a lot of Nigerians here anyway)! The clincher for me in the M-Pesa story is that patrons at the notorious Simmer’s drinking hole have even been known to pay the waiter through M-Pesa when bila pesa and too drunk to get to an ATM.

The People in the Mix

It has been some weeks now since I met President Kibaki’s speech writer. Chain smoking in the ‘smoking zone’ of my favourite club, and wearing a suit that was very clearly Armani, or similar, he introduced himself as a ‘journalist’. Only after some haranguing by myself over exactly what type of journalist (journalist gani?) did he concede the identity of his employer. I asked him, given the state of play in Kenya currently, what did he feel about his job.

“Very privileged and honoured actually”

So, I said, “this means you are a true Company Man”

“Very definitely!” he replied.

It’s not exactly like me, but I gave up after the second response. The guy is obviously very bright but I think his naivety outshone his intellect. Just the guy for the job I guess! And as for the suit … THIS guy is obviously eating well!

Just the other night I met two of the Karua kids – also at my favourite club. For the uninitiated, Martha Karua was, until recently, Justice and Constitutional Affairs Minister and a long standing member of President Kibaki’s cabinet, but resigned over differences of opinion concerning the pace and nature of reform in Kenya. She has been widely touted as one of the next Presidential hopefuls (but, with any luck, someone younger and perhaps less tainted will beat her to it).

The kids’ security detail was left outside while the two played inside.

A daughter and one of two twin sons, they were a lot of fun (if a little obnoxious at times). He, a film-maker/director and she some kind of stage and/or dance producer (recently back from London), they engaged me on all things South African … but generally failed to hear what I had to say. What is it with the privileged class of kids in Kenya that they don’t listen to any voices but their own? This is not the first time it has happened to me in conversation with members of 'the elite' here.

She (name forgotten) was pretty “high” (as they put alcohol inebriation in Nairobese) but gave us a little taste of what her vocal chords are capable of. She did a drunken take on a few Miriam Makeba songs, doing a rendition of Miriam Makeba’s “Malaika” (in Swahili) that was nothing short of spectacular (even given the missing lyrics). She’s one big chick and can sing, with a large, wide mouth that the best US gospel singers would be proud of. She actually looks quite a bit like her mum (but not so for the brother).

While we were sitting chatting, shouting and screaming in the smoking zone, I landed up chatting to a young man dressed in the latest hip-hop gear. I had seen him at the club some days before and had been quite impressed by his 'style' (whatever that means!). We got talking and it turned out he ("M-Zee", or something like that) is a recorded Tanzanian bongo/hip-hop/rap artist looking for a video producer in Kenya. Of course, having just met the director to my right hand side, I "hooked them up"...

The best part was watching M-Zee talking 'pure' Swahili to the Director, while the latter squinted purposefully, with every intention of understanding what the hell the young guy was saying! A lot of the conversation had to be repeated by M-Zee so he could make himself understood. But what a beautiful speaking voice the youngster has ... Later, I heard that they have indeed made a plan to get some shooting done!

But, with the K-Kids, I eventually got tired of being asked something and then having to fight over the next sentence to get a reply in … So I left them later, as they danced to the extended-play Michael Jackson tunes on the Madhouse floor. They were having a lot of fun.

The last person of note that I have met recently is Hasua. Hasua is mSwahili asili (an original Swahili) from Mombasa who lives in Old Town, the stone-masoned residential relic of Mombasa that dates from the 11th Century. She’s a Muslim who, on her home turf, is seen wearing only the traditional; black, replete with burka at times ... Or so she tells me, because when I met her she was wearing a very low cut black top, earrings in every conceivable place on her ears and nose, and a pair of tight-fitting, really funky jeans (her Nairobi attire!). She speaks fluent Arabic and ‘pure’ Swahili that many Nairobese have trouble understanding fully. Walking in town with her is an interesting experience because there's a weird kind of reverence for the Swahili. She stands out in her skin tone and her heavy-lidded Arabic eyes. Nairobians stare, just a little. And one of the bouncers at Madhouse, upon seeing us walking together, took me aside and quite earnestly said:

"Now, this one you must look after ... mSwahili are special people of our Nation"

(I told him we were only good friends)

And she has the most amazing story …

Her husband went to Ireland for reasons unbeknown to anyone. After spending a month or two there he was brutally stabbed to death by a woman and her two daughters, in some kind of devious plot where they lured him to his death. The three women all got convicted. The 'mother' is 55 yeas old and got only a few years in prison, while the first daughter got 15 years and the second daughter got Life!

Even before she told me, I had an image of Truman Capote's “In Cold Blood” in my mind. Then Hasua said that the story is the subject of a book already and that film rights are currently being sought. She was asked to submit family photographs to the book’s author but Hasua said that without any offer of money she was not prepared to help the author. She still wants to sell her own side of the story (perhaps with parts untold to me) but meantime she is waiting patiently for a rather good compensatory payout from the Irish authorities (and being enabled through Interpol and the British Embassy in Nairobi - the reason she was here!).

End Bit

With this last bit of seemingly fictional truth, or truth more startling than fiction, I come to the end of this rather lengthy ramble. There’s so much more I have to say, really ...

I mean, I could talk about the diversity of this country's population and the jet-black beauty of the Luo chicks that you see in town, walking down the street like it's a catwalk. I could talk about the stereotypes of all the tribes that seem, time and again, to prove themselves at least partly correct. I could talk more about a nation that's on the brink of being re-birthed.

... but I guess it will have to wait until all of you out there have a few extra hours to waste.


To all and sundry, as always, amani na mapenzi (sana)

B-)

Here ... There ... Everywhere

Resistance is mounting. Pimples of dissent are breaking out everywhere.

Last week one-or-other Kenyan women’s group mounted a campaign of denial of conjugal rights to their married men-folk (I kid you not). On the face of it, this was in an attempt to bring pressure to bear on the government and to have the men, now charged with pent-up energy, to demand change, if only in order to regain paradise lost. The call was, of course, the talking point of every radio station, cabbie and street vendor in town. The question on everyone’s lips was whether this applied to unmarried men – or were they allowed to carry on regardless. Talk shows were inundated with voices of indignation, with few, if any, of the callers seriously questioning the logic behind the call.

I wondered about the logic of the call for some time, until I met a serious feminist earlier this week – who was so well-informed she clearly had something to do with the call itself – and who told me quite plainly that there was no serious intent behind the call except to conscientise the men of Kenya that there are gender issues that need consideration too … Essentially she said “How can men have automatic conjugal rights that violate basic human rights”. And I guess she was right.

This place never ceases to amaze me with some of the people I encounter.

Two weeks or so ago, the residents of a few Nairobi ghettos started taking the law into their own hands and resorted to lynching a few (9, I think) Mungiki members who were known extortionists and racketeers in the midst of various ghetto communities. After the lynching, it took a week for Mungiki to react. They reacted true to form and took their usual “two for one”, massacring no less than 20 innocent people. The people were drawn, in the dead of night, to a fire started those same Mungiki members charged with exacting revenge for killings of their own. The events were followed by the usual hue and cry over Mungiki’s actions in Kenya and highlighted the tiredness of the people in having to deal with the Mungiki threat – but to no avail and a conspicuous lack of comment from government.

And last week some time, the State President and some senior MP’s had to flee a stone-throwing mob at a recent political talk-a-thon. They failed to appear at their next gig, obviously expecting the same, and were most likely to have got the same. The pictures of the ‘mob’ in the papers were of a very angry bunch of young people. Yes, kind sirs, the people are pissed off!

Raila Odinga, widely acknowledged – nay, almost universally acknowledged – to have won the last election by a vast majority (but having had it ‘stolen’ by the Kibaki camp) called for a snap election. He was simply put in his place by a government announcement – a government he is supposedly part of – and widespread news coverage to the effect that snap elections are not catered for in the constitution and therefore could not happen.

Funnily enough, corruption and stealing from the electorate are also not covered by the constitution but seem to be very much a part of the current government’s mandate. Raila tries, but his opposition - within the self-same government - is much too smart and wily for him. It’s exactly the same scenario as Mugabe-Morgan. Morgan got himself thoroughly Raila’d! (That is, given a position with title but with little effect!)

Raila also said that because his party dominated the legislature – which it does quite substantially – he should be appointed the Speaker of Parliament to properly handle the business of each day. He was talked down from this position too. He was even talked down from attending a certain inauguration in SA today – even though he was going to do this in his private capacity.

I have said it before – gladly – and I say it again … The days of this particular Kenyan government are coming to an end. Reform is on the political agenda but it seems likely it will take a few years to get from the menu to the table.

Kenyan politics is so fraught with platitudes and assertions of rectitude and justice in all its affairs that it beats me how the Kenyan people continue to stomach it all with relatively straight faces. But talk of significant change there is. Perhaps it will never amount to anything more than talk. For the next few years, the Kenyan people might just be dragged along in the ever-distant hope of a new political order…

Just a quick note about the extent of government corruption and the effect it has had (and still has) on the Kenyan economy …

I blogged a while ago about the fact that Kenyan coffee was amongst the best in the world and that coffee was once Kenya’s single largest foreign income earner. It turns out that it was not just Uganda’s aggressive marketing that lost Kenya its place in world coffee markets. It had much more to do with the fact that the State was paying so little to the growers that many chose to turn their land over to vegetables for local consumption instead! And when the coffee market started to fail, the government wanted to invest enough to resuscitate it, only to find that BILLIONS of Shillings had simply ‘disappeared’ from the coffee co-op’s coffers! And the coffee industry has never, ever recovered. The cost of this to the Kenyan people is inestimable.

There is a ‘culture of expectation’ in Kenya that is something of a sickness here. I have only slowly become aware of it. It is known as “halafu” – or “what do you have for me?” There is an expectation here that if you are earning well – or are simply perceived as such – you should ‘give’. Because you are in a better position than someone else means that you are supposed to give beyond the cost of services rendered, if any …

Don’t get me wrong. I am the first to support charity where charity might well be due. But what of people who are actually earning on a daily basis but who just want ‘more’ simply because you are perceived to have more. I can’t really support that. I say, Kenyans, call on your government to create minimum wage laws and to create jobs for you, the people. Don’t expect other, regular people to make up for the blatant shortcomings of your rulers!

Kenya’s Colonial history clearly has something to do with it. Colonialism meant that the rich were seriously rich and the rest were subjugated under the economic yoke. When uhuru (freedom) came, the new black ‘masters’ simply continued in the same vein, perpetuating the self-same order of subjugation and subservience. Today, still, what the ‘average’ Kenyan gets paid is a crime and, in Nairobi, is nothing less than a crime against humanity.

Moving swiftly on: Last week I moved out of the ‘mansion’ in Spring Valley, to share a place in the leafy Nairobi suburb of Gigiri, home to the UN and the US Embassy (now under very serious armed guard and protection since the terrorist attack ten years ago). Jenny said that if I blog her again she WILL kill me, so I can’t say at whose place I am staying!

Spring Valley was just too expensive, given that I had non-deposit-paying tenants and massive electricity bills to foot. I am quite honestly relieved as I sit and view the Karura Forest and the monkeys prancing on the roof next door. The forest is huge and quite spectacular, completely surrounding Gigiri and all its inroads.

Martin, a driver from the office, assisted me with the move, bringing two of his friends and a large diesel pick-up for the task. We had just arrived at the Gigiri house of ‘my friend’ when Martin alerted me to the song playing on the Kikuyu radio station he was tuned to. It was the song that Mungiki sing. Perhaps because of the association alone, the song was nothing less than chilling.

The forest is a favourite spot for the unmarked graves of political dissidents. On Thursday morning I was sitting on the porch doing some work when I heard a lone, high velocity gunshot coming from just a few miles away. I wonder …

I had not seen that day’s Daily Nation but it seems that the gunshot coincided with the publication of 21 photographs and mention of people who have simply ‘disappeared’ over the last few months. The state mechanisms of silent but ruthless oppression ARE in evidence. Dominic, a cab driver I have become well-acquainted with since last week, tells me that those who ARE found bear simple, single-wound bullet holes in the front of the head. There are obviously some experienced executioners around. Enough on that. I have said it … Change is coming and let’s just hope it’s not too slow.

Aside from the absolutely fantastic road that leads from town to Gigiri (paid for by the UN), there’s a lot of road re-surfacing going on in and around Nairobi. And how welcome it is. I have commented on the roads just a little already but it seems that budgets have now been released into the public works fund to do what should have been done a few years ago. The Uhuru highway has been resurfaced from Mombasa Road in the south to just short of Westlands (which is ostensibly in the west, but is kinda in the north). While the tarring is done it creates absolute havoc but what a relief when the road opens the next day! Far fewer small, Japanese compact cars are disappearing, unexplained, on the highway these days!

Living in Gigiri for this short time now has given me one or two insights that cause me to retract at least some of what I have said earlier about Asian (lack of) integration …

I was sitting at the Village Market food court last week, simply watching the crowd, sipping on a cappuccino from Dorman's (“The Coffee Experts”). It was a Saturday afternoon and the place was ‘jum-pucked’. There’s this water feature that surrounds the food court.

Standing next to the meandering water was a lanky Kenyan girl bearing obvious signs of adolescent self-consciousness. Standing next to her was her overweight mzungu friend (who was not the least bit self-conscious). The two were waiting for ‘something to happen’. It was about ten minutes later when something indeed happened. The ‘girls’ were joined by the ‘guys’ …

There were three … The first, a suave Kenyan Asian, sporting a suitably ‘gelled’ hair-aberrant coiffure. The second, a black Kenyan wearing a Dolce & Gabanna T-shirt. The third, an mzungu blondie who was probably the most sloppily dressed individual I have yet to see in Kenya!

Much laughter and fun jostling ensued between them. What was interesting was that the mzungu was flirting with the black chick; the Asian was flirting with the mzungu chick - threatening to throw her into the water - while the black guy just surveyed the crowd looking for something interesting. The latter was doing the right thing in that his good looks meant he could be a little selective. The table of young girls next to me was quite abuzz with the prospect of being noticed.

So, yes folks, there is indeed hope for a more racially integrated Kenya in future. And if it is to be seen anywhere it has to be in Gigiri where the elite and future-King Kenyans are to be found … It was really good to see.

I suppose, in a lot of ways, the honeymoon phase of my Kenya experience is over. I am more aware of the shortfalls of the country, of the problems that abound and of the changes that need to come. But it leaves me no less enamoured with the place. It IS an extremely beautiful country with lovely people – people I feel far closer to than many of the violent, negligent, gun-toting individuals back home …

There are 42 distinct ‘tribes’ spread across Kenya’s wide plains and there has been very little mixing over the years. So far, I have blogged a few details pertaining to a few of the tribes. Not long ago, I blogged about the Maasai and their ‘loan’ of land in Ngong to fellow Kenyans (but not to Mungiki).

I heard very recently that Nairobi is actually a Maa word meaning “place of clear waters” and that Nairobi is actually also Maasai land. This accounts for the fact that Martin and I nearly crashed into a cow crossing the road in Hurlingham the other day. This lone, leading cow was followed shortly by a great many others, and also by a Maasai herder that was taking them walkabout for a bit of grazing.

The Maasai have free grazing rights throughout Nairobi. Some years back, when the government of the day (Moi’s era, I think) tried to limit these grazing rights, the Maasai stated quite baldly that if the State wanted to limit their grazing, the State could quite simply give the Maasai land back! Did I hear the word “Whoa” emanating from Parliament Avenue?

And today, evidently, it is not uncommon for an informal, aspiring Keith Kirsten to lose all his potted stock to a Maasai herder’s hungry husbandry! Vooi tog!

One other bit of local lore ... I said before that the Kamba people are reputed to have ‘magic’. They are also reputed to be ‘lazy’, which is evidently why many Kamba men are gardeners and choose to loll around in the sun, in someone’s back yard! But as far as the magic goes, there is this story about the Kamba wife who was ‘fooling around’ a bit. She had this lover over one night (no doubt while hubby was riding his bicycle around town in the dead of night). They were kinda done with the throes of passion when the errant lover found that he could not ‘disengage’ … He was unable to ‘remove himself’ from his trespass! In time, the impish, round-headed Kamba husband returned home and scrutinized the scene to his satisfaction, issuing what were no doubt sufficient warnings to both parties. Once he was done with his diatribe he removed a cigarette lighter from his pocket and simply clicked it on … and the trespasser was freed of his bondage.

This story is so much a part of local legend that I have heard it separately from a few people already. Legend has it too that Kamba people don’t need to lock their doors at night. No-one dare enter their houses without permission!

You know it’s the rainy season in Kenya when there is constant advertising on radio for free mosquito nets and when all the supermarkets feature prominent promotions for anti-malarial potions and treatments. But the rainy season is truly beautiful, even if a little inconvenient at times … If you are walking in areas where there are no pavements (which are plenty) you have to slush around in the mud and have to beware each and every passing car and truck for fear of getting drenched in mud.

You know it’s rainy season in Kenya when one of your Meru staff gets constant calls from his Dad, imploring him to give up on the academic stuff and come help with the miraa farm. I told said researcher it might not be a bad idea considering the number of people I see chewing miraa (khat) these days! He declined.

I am toying with the idea of developing a ‘Kenya IQ’ test. Here are the first three questions …

Kikuyu is to money as Luo is to…

a) miraa
b) mosquito
c) mirror

Kikuyu is to money as Meru is to...

a) miraa
b) mosquito
c) mirror

Kikuyu is to money as Turkana is to...

a) miraa
b) mosquito
c) mirror

(Correct answers are c, a, b)

I suppose some indication of a country’s ‘spirit’ has to be drawn from the words one learns at the very start of one’s experience in the foreign land. In Kenya it has to do with the words themselves but also with the WAY in which these words are spoken. I have mentioned it before and give it brief mention here again: The Kenyan people speak beautifully, whether in their native tongue – Swahili mainly – or in English. There is music to their speak that is indescribably beautiful. So I won’t try to describe it … Just know it to be true.

The first word you learn in Kenya, because you hear it so often, is “Karibu” (you are welcome) or “Karibu sana” (you are very welcome). Then, quite quickly, you learn to say the appropriate “Thank you” (asante) or asante sana. Early on, you also hear “pole sana” (pronounced pour-lair), meaning “I am sorry” (for you and/or your experience) and the seemingly similar (yet quite distinct) “pole-pole” meaning “slowly”.

The personal pronouns of “you” (wewe) or “me” (mimi) follow quite quickly, as do …

Wapi? Where?
Nini? What?
Lini? When?
Nani? Who?
Gani? Which (type)?
Yakho You (different context to ‘wewe’)
Uko You (another context)
Hapa Here
Hapo There
Aenda I go
Twende We go
Mingi Big
Kubwa Huge
Kidogo Small
Kwa With
Kutoka kwa From
Na And/with/have (and a few other meanings)
Nzuri Good, fine
Poa(poh-ah) Very good, Beautiful, Pretty

Etcetera, etcetera.

And I absolutely love the use of the term “ni-nini” meaning a “what-what” - or what South Africans would call a ‘dingis’. Another expression that I love is “si ndyo?”, meaning “not so?”. Many a statement, on just about any subject, is followed by “si ndyo?” – “wouldn’t you say so, isn’t it true?” It is beautifully self-affirming and a statement to the effect that the orator is certainly being truthful in what he or she is saying.

I was fascinated by how the term “mumbo jumbo” got into English, realising it must indeed have come somewhere from Swahili. Both “Jambo” and “Mambo” are terms of greeting in Swahili, with the latter being the more informal. Eventually I think I have worked it out: I can only assume that the Colonials, being greeted, but not knowing what was being said to them, adopted the term to denote stuff they couldn’t understand …

Pole sana! (I am very sorry for you)

In case you’re interested, a typical start-up conversation in Swahili will go as follows:

“Mambo?” (an informal greeting that, formally, means “what’s news?” but is used as in “Howzit?”)

Your reply might be:

“Poa!” or “poa sana!” or even “poa-poa sana!” (if you are feeling exceptional)

Alternatively, you might reply that you are “not bad”:

“Si mbaye”

Or “bad”:

“mbaye” (although very seldom used!)

On Fridays, particularly, you will be prone to reply:

“Salaama” (at peace) or “Salaama kabisa” (entirely peaceful).

If it is good looking, as it walks away you might want to comment:

“Mrembo sana!” (you’re HOT) and then, possibly, you might add:

“Uko na matako kubwa poa sana” (your ass is huge and quite beautiful!)

(A particularly African compliment of the highest order)

The later comment might be more appropriate if “it” is female …

Needless to say, I love the language. It is quite beautiful, being infused with Arabic that gives it a softness that is quite distinct from the Zulu or Xhosa languages that derive from the same root, Bantu tongue.

The number of words in common usage that derive from Swahili is quite startling. Just three:

Safari Journey/travel
Maluumi Special person
Simba Lion (as in Simba chips)

(there are many more I have come across but can't exactly remember now!)

I have a Swahili dictionary but because I am learning more ‘street’ Swahili (‘Sheng’) from friends, a great many of the words I know are either not in the dictionary are in entirely different usage.

In the dictionary, the word “mrembo” is said to mean ‘a well-dressed person’. On the street it means “HOT” (in the personal sense - as opposed to “moto” (pronounced more-tor) which means ‘warm/hot/fire’ in a slightly less personal way).

Enough Swahili linguistic didactics.

On the weekend after SA’s general Zumalection the SA High Commission hosted a “South Meets East” concert at the Kenya National Museum grounds. The only SA artist on the bill was Lira and she was supported by two Kenyan artists, Eric Wainana and Valerie.

Eric was very good, performing a few tracks in Luo. Brenda came with me and she translated the Luo lyrics - all suitably tongue-in-cheek and infused with political innuendo. But I think Eric should probably stick to Swahili because from people I have spoken to it seems that a lot of Kenyans don’t “get” what he is saying ... The Luo double meanings tend to be understood at face value.

Valerie was OK and I would venture to say that there are a great many Kenyan acts that should rather have been on the bill.

But as for Lira … She was absolutely GREAT. She started the set with a slow, sultry jazz piece and opened her singing with the greeting:

“Maaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaammmbbbo?”

The crowd went absolutely WILD.

Her band was phenomenal and the drummer was so alive and funky he couldn’t stay in his seat. I had seen him in the gathering crowd earlier in the evening, with what looks like his brother (who plays keyboard and sax with the band). They were both dressed in Bosmont Hip-Hop Chic and memories of my friend, and fellow drummer, Ian Herman (ex Tananas, and now playing for Sting I believe), came to mind.

Lira finished her set with the award-winning “iXesha”. After she mentioned the title I was amazed to hear, all around me, Kenyans attempting the Xhosa back-of-the-tongue ‘click’ in the word (and largely failing). Kenyans REALLY LOVE the Xhosa clicking – at least some of the reason for Brenda Fassie’s popularity here.

Lira gave the song its introduction:

“iXesha means Time in Xhosa. And the title of this song really means …

Honey, baby, sweetheart, darling, honey-bunch, gorgeous ……

YOUR TIME IS UP!”

The response from the women in the crowd was nothing short of deafening and Lira had to wait a while before actually starting the song. What eventually followed was fantastic and I must admit to being just a little moved by her swaying, sassy performance (which I have on video).

At the end of the night I think Brenda was a little stunned by what she had seen. All she could say was:

“Wow, you South Africans have some GREAT performers!”

I’ll say.

I am specially fond of the old guy with the understated dance who wears the funky shirts. But I’m not so keen on the guy with the bipolar skull who is getting some kind of special place in SA society today.

Amani na mapenzi brothers and sisters.

B-)

Pied Crows, Politics and People on the Fringe

Thursday, 9th April 2009

I think they are called Pied Crows. There are two of them. And they have started a mission to steal the dog’s meat and biscuits every morning. They are the size of those dumb Ibis that fly low over rooftops (barely making it!) in Johannesburg. But that’s where the similarity ends. These two crows are seriously clever and quick. And defiant. They squawk a lot in the morning and at night. And like many of the birds hereabouts, they are seriously carnivorous, much to the dog’s dislike.

‘The dog’ – a Shepherd-cross, spotted on the street by Brenda - goes by the name of Moshoeshoe (he of the Mountain Kingdom) – and barks like crazy as they steal her food. The crows just couldn’t give a damn and squawk at Mosh in the same tone as she delivers. She runs outside after them. They just hop away, back turned, and squawk from a distance!

Heckle and Jeckle got a fantastic feast the other night when I tossed the remnants of a black mamba onto the roof, after finding it asleep at night on the hitherto warm rock that forms part of the wall at my bedroom door. The mamba was still a baby (where’s mom, I wonder?!) and was almost stuck to the rock a sheer twelve inches off the floor. How did it get there, I thought sweetly, but then felt almost instinctively compelled to chop in two with the garden shears!

Black mambas are reputed (among others) to be quite capable of biting during the throes of death. I watched, with nervous flutters as a disembodied head bit frantically for about ten minutes after I had chopped this beauty of nature in half (in three, eventually)!

Mosh had been lying directly below the little curled specimen and I worried that she had been bitten – particularly when she showed definite signs of poisoning the next day. Her reaction would have been a bit late, considering, but it turns out I had OD’s her a bit on Frontline flea fluid! She was simply bilious for two days. She recovered admirably on day three, taking my shoes, and dragging all my scattered clothes into the garden, and looking on proudly.

The two Black Kites I mentioned before (Kevin and Bevin?) are still flying low over the roof these days and they are both amazing to watch when they settle into the huge, sparse acacia tree on the next-door property (viewed from the front veranda). We’re talking settling down with a 2 meter wingspan here… There’s a smaller kite that resides near the office that I sometimes watch from the office balcony. This one is continually doing small dives – probably for rats and mice – between the pines in the property next door. From the balcony we watch each other eye-to-eye!

Carnivores everywhere.

Good Friday, April 10, 2009

Later today, in the gardens of Nairobi’s favourite restaurant – The Carnivore – Jamaican reggae artist Morgan Heritage will be performing. I might go see the show. The throng of Nairobi’s huge reggae-fan-base will be there – and given the typical exuberant nature of Kenyans during any holiday - we can expect “fire” at the gig (as the Jamaicans would put it). I’ll unfortunately probably be one of very few mzungu faces at the gardens. Reggae isn’t exactly a ‘mixed’ thing in the present culture of Nairobi. The R170 entrance price might herald a few mzungus though.

Hopefully Morgan can spread a bit of peace and love because this society might just be on the brink of trouble (again) right now…

There has been a spate of resignations from government with recriminations and counter-recriminations that are threatening to split the already-fragile coalition government down the middle. Today’s papers are using Easter symbology (some corny, like the ‘Cross’ roads) to implore the members of all parties to chill out and be careful of what they might foster through their discord.

But, if truth be told, in Nairobi I don’t feel any of the tensions that supposedly exist in this country … There’s just a lot of lurve, and people getting on with things as they normally do. To what extent the politicians’ statements and actions are just political maneuvering and vying for a better place in the order of things to follow, I don’t know. A bit premature maybe.

But change is a coming methinks. Slowly AND surely.

I suppose I will have to go to Kisumu (soon) and see the burnt-out shells of buildings to get some sense of what happened here just over a year ago. There’s a book that’s been published, called Kenya Burning, that has some brilliant press photographs of last year’s post-election violence … some of the contents are pretty hectic, but there’s little we didn’t see in South Africa over the years – across all sides of the multifaceted political divides there. But one thing we did not see was the use of arrows in the struggle. There’s one picture in the book of a man sitting, waiting for medical attention, with an arrow-head immersed deep into his cheekbone. Alongside his photo is a lateral x-ray of his head, showing three inches of what-looks-like bone stuck in his cheek! He survived.

Political resignations have been going on while local students have been demonstrating quite frequently over the past week or two – often over the smallest pretext - clearly displaying their utter frustration at the State at play. A few have been shot (one or two lethally, but it’s not allowed to be real news here). And, again, there are definite rumblings afoot among the youth but, so far, no student ‘leader’ to speak of … Stephen Bantu Biko, uko wapi baba?

I DO get the slightest sense of a government starting – just starting – to lose its iron grip on the public. The people are pissed Mr. President. The cracks are starting to appear…

The GNU (Government of 'National Unity’) is starting to fall apart and all Kofi Annan has so far managed to do is look on, smiling affably, saying everything is doing fine (Kenyans don’t like criticism from outside but it’s expected to come from within. Mostly, much ado about nothing, but this is the stated reason for Kofi’s tepid tone).

There are clear dividing lines being formed for what I fear may become an extended – and very factional - battle for the future leadership of this country. Anti-Kikuyu, and anti-Kibaki, sentiment runs high. But there is factional leadership everywhere. And even many Kikuyus concede that last year’s election was ‘stolen’ from Raila Odinga’s Luo-led ‘Orange Democratic Movement’. Hence, it looks to me like Raila is making moves to re-assert his legitimate place in the government (the position of President, no less).

(I am not going to repeat earlier stuff I said about the ‘stealing’ of the election, the violence that followed, and the lack of political will, and ability, to deal with the aftermath. It’s there in previous blogs and is largely accurate.)

These are all parts of a web that looks like it’s being slowly unspun. The extent to which the ‘Hidden Hand’ I see at work here will be able to control the affairs of the immediate future will indicate the extent to which we might see the current government continue to rule with impunity, with its book of Stock Phrases and Empty Promises. Watch this space for details. I want to write more about the ‘Hidden Hand’ but need some observation and reflection on this subject still.

Enough Politics! Commercial Break:

There are something like 62 radio stations that ply the radio-waves in Nairobi! The Communications Commission of Kenya has trouble allocating frequencies because there are so few frequencies left. All the way from 88 to 106 or so, there’s a station every .3 to .5 Mhz (or whatever it is they measure FM in). Scattered among the East African stations (lots of talk in Swahili, Luo, Kamba, etc. with old-school East African music played) are rock stations, a reggae station, ‘classic’ and 'light' rock stations, R&B stations and various top-twenty ‘black/urban’ music stations. So far I haven’t heard a rap or hip-hop station, those genres being still a little 'rad' for Kenya.

But one thing is for sure; whoever does the (anonymous) late night mix on Capitol is someone to listen for in future. He/she must be sourcing the latest remixes off the Net because it’s one helluva show. If you’re reading this in Nairobi, listen to Capitol after 10pm! You won’t regret it if you like your music a bit on the wild side.

Listening to Nairobi radio stations, unless you have a digital tuner it becomes very difficult to find the station you were listening to yesterday. I skip through stations a lot and there’s some very good radio to be heard. But to find it again is another issue ... I’m surprised at the lack of advertising and I wonder how many of the stations survive. Capitol Radio has quite a bit of advertising (Safaricom, Zain and Coke) while Kiss FM is similarly popular with the agencies. But few of the other stations carry much by way of commercial interference. Even Metro – the very popular local reggae station - carries almost nothing in advertising. I thought it was called ‘commercial radio’ for a reason.

While we are talking advertising, I have to remark on the size of one consumer brand in Kenya. Not being much of a user of their product range, I didn’t realize it at first, but Nivea is absolutely massive in this country. The tendency for black skin to dry out if not regularly moisturized with mafuta (oil of some kind) is what makes this brand so big. Nivea has stand-alone kiosks within many of the supermarkets and Nivea products often enjoy the luxury of two or three facings on the supermarket shelves on their own.

I have previously mentioned the popularity of various ‘sodas’ in Kenya – not least Alvaro and Novida – but I am still surprised to see how many people choose to drink a warm soda from the shelf over a cold one from the check-out fridge! A warm Coke simply doesn’t have much appeal to me! But the one ‘beverage’ that takes them all on is pure bottled water. There are about 30 different brands you can get in Nairobi, hailing from all over the country, and they are mostly very good. My favourite is the extra-oxygenated Aquamist brand. The oxygen bubbles are quite groovy. One of the biggest sellers is the brand of water marketed by the Coca-Cola Company. It is not ‘spring’ water but is labeled ‘purified and balanced’. It is a few Shillings cheaper than other brands and sells very well.

Previously, I have noted the size and penetration of Hindu culture, and people, in Kenya. I was surprised recently to see the results of a staff survey carried out among over three thousand employees of a large Kenyan parastatal. They were asked who the worst employers in Kenya were. First they responded “government” generally, then the “police”, then “Asians”!

A recent friend of mine, a journalist formerly with Deutsche Welle, and an impish Kamba by the name of Peter, says that Kenyan motor dealers always try sell small Suzuki mini-vans to Asians because there is no front-end protection for them … Cruel, yes, but looking around me, I’m beginning to see what his acerbic wit was aiming at.

You seldom see an Asian Kenyan over thirty sitting with anyone other than another Asian. Unusually, I did see a VERY mixed group of young turks the other night at the Nakumatt Ukay, their shiny faces perhaps indicating they had been out ‘chewing’ together. (Maybe it was just moisturizer I was seeing, because their heavy perfume discounted the likelihood that they were serious khat converts.)

But seeing these guys, I wonder if maybe the next generation of Asian Kenyans will be a little different. Their fathers, probably my age and more, follow a 'typical' pattern and walk around (often Sikhs wearing turbans) with a very aloof and possibly superior sense about them. And many of them are obviously very rich. There is an obviously lack of integration - over successive generations spent here - that probably stems from the strength of Hindu culture. This is not a bad thing in itself but there seems to be a certain disdain for black Kenyans that does them no good here.

They live ‘apart’ and are seen ‘apart’. Their condescension toward the local population is subject to ridicule. In their use of Swahili we can see the image of baas-skap.

Asian Kenyans seem to prefer driving Mercedes, as opposed to the UN and NGO preference for big-ass four-wheel-drive vehicles. In Nairobi, I guess the Hindi cruising ground is the inner-city, and the Westlands/Parklands area. They are probably a lot more likely to fly to Kisumu than drive there … I believe the Kisumu Yacht Club is comprised almost exclusively of Asian Kenyans (not many of whom sail, I hear). And I believe many Hindu-owned shops were the target of aggression and looting last year – especially in the West, in Eldoret and Kisumu, and generally across the Luo land near the Lake.

They came here to build a railway. They stayed and built empires …

Yesterday, while editing the minutes of a management meeting, and sipping a wildly expensive cappuccino at the Art Café, I heard a young Asian lass speaking on her mobile to a friend, telling the friend that Cherie (or some such), was going to Paris for the Easter weekend! I’ll say!

But I guess mzungu culture in Nairobi is also quite weird. I went and jammed with a local rock group at their rehearsal the other night. A weird bunch of pretty straight old dudes (like me) playing some quite heavy acid-inspired rock. They play occasionally at a local restaurant (owned by one of four guitarists in the band!) and still have quite a small repertoire of songs – but chosen with taste. Comprised of American, Dutch and Belgian musicians (with a Congolese bass player), their musicianship is quite good.

The American blues-harp player is very good, even though he works in some very senior contract-position with the UN (you should just see the rented house…!). I think that during the jam I gave their resident drummer a bit of a fright (and I didn’t like it at all) but he was somehow a lot less friendly when I finished playing than before I started. But anyway, we jammed some great songs by the likes of Pink Floyd (Breathe), Led Zeppelin, and James Brown (I Feel Good and Sex Machine) and one or two numbers by Spruce Springclean. I’d enjoy playing with them again if there was ever another chance. They are well-equipped and the Belgian guitarist, playing a vintage Fender Telecaster, absolutely ROCKS.

While I was waiting for my turn at the traps I sat on the lounge settee and paged through a coffee-table book on “Kenya: 1927 to 1940”. The book features the most startling array of old photos from Kenya. I am told they were personally collected from the remaining mzungu families, plus archive material, and were painstakingly dated and compiled. The book is beautifully printed (locally) and the pictures have a warm sepia glow that seems to radiate from the page.

What a place this was. It still is, but some fifty plus years ago, Kenya was something else entirely!

There are photos of Kikuyu warriors that, I would venture, would have struck fear into the heart of most Pondo or Zulu warriors of the time. These guys were seriously scary and are often pictured with long headdresses, or dreadlocks, that look like they are heavily coated in ochre (these parts of the pictures seem to glow a little more). With long spears, and standing in formation (even when some Colonist is standing on his farm, trying to act real casual), they are a sight to behold! A picture of majestic clear-and-present danger that left me in awe.

Colonial Kenya: The mzungu bwana kneeling alongside the three lions he just killed. Arrays of two to three hundred tusks lined up outside the Asian General Dealer. The girls on the grass, playing croquet in their pre-war pinafores … that kind of thing … And the WILDEST shots of Africa you’ll ever get to see. But the Kikuyu warriors – in quite a few shots - have left an indelible impression. There’s a shot of a standoff between Maasai and Kikuyu (I think) that depicts 800 to 1000 men on each side, separated by dust ... and posturing. And it wasn’t long ago! I’ll see if I can get a scan of one or two of these pics for later insertion.

And during the week I heard an interview with the head of the new Kenya National Youth Alliance (read KeNYA, aka the ‘new’ Mungiki). It was frightening to listen to and I even got to work late after hearing denial after denial - and the occasional veiled threat - in his utterances to two female Capitol interviewers (who tried valiantly, I must say). There’s something like a Kikuyu Warrior/ Mau-Mau/ Mungiki thing going on here right now. And I’m not sure what it is exactly…

Yet the more I drive around Nairobi, the more aware I am of the fantastic heritage of beautiful houses the Brits left when they split the scene during what is commonly known as the time of Uhuru – the Mau-Mau time – in the late 50’s/early 60’s. Some of the really old houses in Nairobi are often nothing short of spectacular, with the best among them exclusively sporting majestic stone work. A tour of Colonial houses would probably do well among overnight visitors to Nairobi (on their way to a low-flight balloon trip across the Maasai Mara). Many of these houses were the original farm houses - and others have meantime been built between them in their necessary subdivision. Even the latter architecture – 60’s and 70’s - is often quite elegant but more prone to Mediterranean styles than Colonial. Evidence of very serious money is never far away in the suburbs of Nairobi.

There is a charity drive being planned in the marketing industry here to climb Mount Kenya (at roughly 14 000 ft, 2000 ft less than Kili) over an upcoming weekend. I am tempted - perhaps as the start of turning over a new leaf in the health department - to enroll myself and raise funds for Kenyans in need. The e-mail came complete with training instructions and lists of gear one needs to buy - or preferably hire at base camp!

(This means another visa stamp for Tanzania due to the fact that Queen Elizabeth ‘gave’ Mt.Kili – from Kenya to Tanzania – because a nephew or someone had interests in Tanzania!)

I’m tempted to train, and climb, not least of all because of another picture I saw in that book. It was absolutely amazing … the mzungus skating on the icy surface of a frozen lake, somewhere near the summit of Mt.Kenya.

I wonder of there’s still enough water, and little enough temperature, for there to be such an experience today? I was an avid skater in my misspent youth - and still want to go down Mombasa Road, to the Panari Hotel, and skate at the Sky Rink on its roof. So, to somehow skate – or even feign skating – at the top of a mountain in deepest, darkest Africa, would be fun.

But as long as I’m in Kenya, I wouldn’t want to take any chances by skating on thin ice.

As always, with laughter, peace and love.

B-)

Races and faces from various places (with apologies to Dr.Suess)

In the same way that Johannesburg is the melting pot of southern Africa, Nairobi is the melting pot for the whole East Africa region, being the most highly urbanized city in the region, and also bearing the same ingredients of plentiful crime and poverty that beset Johannesburg.

One regularly sees Somali, Ethiopian and Sudanese men and women plying their trade, or simply walking, on the streets of (particularly downtown) Nairobi. Eastleigh is the unofficial free-trade area for these people and driving in the area is fraught with duelling dusty busses that have just arrived from Mogadishu, Juba, and Addis Ababa. Somali women dressed in black are often refered to, jokingly, as "Isili" (as in 'Eastleigh')...

Ethiopian women (the younger ones) in Nairobi are sometimes seen wearing very long dreadlocks, and generalised legend has it that they are the most beautiful in this part of Africa. I can't say I always agree. There was a lone, fine-featured Ethiopian woman I saw at a club's 'Reggae Night' once. Her dreadlocks had obviously been growing since childhood and were wound around her head in a veritable ‘nest’ of hoops and swirling circles, with the occasional errant lock falling to the middle of her back. With a middle-Eastern, somewhat Judaic ‘look’, and semi-Caucasian skin tone, her hair was clearly a lot ‘softer’ than that of the Bantu-African peoples, and, in her case, had been bleached light brown by the sun.

The people of South Sudan are noticeable for their height and most are probably over six feet tall. The older men seem often to have trouble with their legs, perhaps because of this height. The Sudanese are a Nilotic people and their history runs parallel with the history of the Nile River Valley that starts at Lake Victoria. Many men from South Sudan (and much fewer women) are refugess from the fighting between the Dinka and Nuer tribes that seems to continue unabated, despite a few attempts at peace talks and mediation.

The diversity of what one sees in Nairobi covers all the above, aplenty. It is such that there is an abiding interest in who-is-who-in-the-Nairobi-zoo. Ambiguously-non-Bantu people (like, for example, a Somali woman not dressed in black) will walk past, and the comments will issue forth:

“… Somali…”
“… No, she’s Ethiopian”
“… Not tall enough to be Sudanese …”
“… No, she’s a Luo chick …”

(I jest but it's not that untrue)

One would notice Nairobi’s diversity that much more if it weren’t for the fact that so many people from neighbouring countries are not that distinct from Kenyans: On the whole this applies to the Bantu people of the region. For example, one won’t tell a Tanzanian from a Kenyan (I won’t tell, anyway) until the former starts to speak Swahili. I have noted before that it is a different Swahili, soft and lyrical. As I have noted too, the Ugandans are ‘bigger’ than the average Kenyan, and Ugandans speak Luganda, yet their ‘look’ is not that distinct that one readily sees the difference. Good looking men, on the whole.

It is among the non-Bantu people in this region that the differences are easy to see. The non-Bantu people are mainly ‘Nilotic’ in origin and in Kenya, first up are the Luo people who live (traditionally) on the ‘lake side’. They typically have the fabled ‘eyes of Cleopatra’. In Uganda, just the ‘other side’ of the lake, there are also Luo people. Initially this was surprising to me – and it was explained to me by reference to ‘travel’ - until I realized that the borders between the countries were drawn up by (largely ignorant) Colonists who saw nothing of the ethnic unity that existed across their imposed territoriality. The Luo of Kenya share exactly the same origins as the Luo of Uganda, the only difference today being that they have both undergone genetic changes as a result of their enforced association with other peoples (principally via the limitations imposed by the exigencies of cross-border travel). And in both countries, Luo surnames most often start with the letter “O”.

The Luo are known as 'proud people' and in Kenya, at least, there seems to have been very little deviation from the original genetic pool. They are particularly ‘dark’ in complexion – dark brown - but not quite the same dark colour as the ‘black’ African skin one sees in the west of the African continent. They are big people, and non-Luo women sometimes remark (slightly jealously) on the Luo women’s skin texture. Their skin is often very smooth and soft. The Nilotes of South Sudan (Nuer and Dinka tribes) are quite closely related to the Luo. The Luo, Dinka and Nuer peoples are all known as 'Lake Nilotes' as opposed to 'Plain Nilotes'.

The Plain Nilotes mainly comprise the Kalenjin, from where most of Kenya’s long-distance champions come, and the Maasai.

The Kalenjin, like the Maasai, are a 'warrior nation'. They are noted for smaller eyes and slight frame atop long, thin legs. Daniel Arap Moi, who was Kenya's president for 27 years, is Kalenjin and, at time of writing, 90-something and still very much alive.

Of course, this discussion of people in Kenya would not be complete without mentioning the Maasai. There are various ‘Maasai’ groups, all of which speak minor dialect variations of the Maa language. The Maasai are quite closely related to the Samburu and less so to the Turkana in the north of Kenya.

The Maasai of the Serengeti live on both sides of the Kenya-Tanzania border. On any day, one might find a few of them riding a bus from Arusha, Tanzania, to say, Namanga on the Kenyan side. When the bus is a little distance from the border, someone gets on to check their (usually shabby) travel papers (never a passport). When the bus stops at the border post, they don't get off but just wait for the bus to continue its ride, having already had their papers checked. The Serengeti is still their place and the drawing of arbitrary borders between Tanzania and Kenya never changed much for them.

The Samburu are often quite decorative in their dress. On special occasions (like when Moses the taxi driver came to my house for the first time), Samburu will be seen in full battle dress but also adorned with trinkets, bracelets, chains and talismans all over their person. It is exceptionally beautiful to see and it can be quite humbling to be in a Samburu’s presence.

The Maasai from the Mara seem to be more ‘down-to-earth’. They are pastoralists, famed for their drinking of blood and milk from the live cow. Some research I was exposed to recently cites the fact that the Maasai from Arusha liken the eating of vegetables to ‘being a goat’. It is not something they do with much gusto despite attempts by NGOs to counter rising malnutrition and develop a vegetable-eating habit among Maasai children.

These are bits of rural Kenya and surrounds that are seen in Nairobi. This, of course, says little of the rural Kenya that has remained the same for quite some time now. This is the Kenya that people call the ‘original Africa’… the image that comes to mind when one hears the Swahili word ‘safari’ (to travel). It is the land of lions (‘simba’ in Swahili), elephants, and plenty of giraffe. I have seen very little of this Kenya so far but we can only hope that it stays the way it is, at least until I get a chance to see it all! … Wild animals, warriors, tribes, and chieftainships.

So, what (really) is the point of all this writing? It is to say that Kenya is seriously diverse, and there’s a very high level of tolerance for other people and nations. People from all over Africa are seen regularly in Nairobi. Everyone is just getting on with life, doing their 'thing', whatever that is. Witnessing this is both illuminating and exciting (for me, anyway). The problems facing Kenya (internally) stem from an essential distrust between various of the resident people. That they have different ‘ethnic roots’ - on an 'ancient' scale - probably exacerbates the problems they experience.

It will all be okay in the end... it's all okaynow, really.

Peace and Love, Amani na Upendo, to everyone.

B-)